Glucose 6 Phosphate Dehydrogenase (G6PD) Deficiency

Symptoms | Treatments

What is

What is - Glucose 6 Phosphate Dehydrogenase (G6PD) Deficiency

What is G6PD deficiency?

G6PD is an enzyme produced by red blood cells. It protects red blood cells from oxidative stress. G6PD deficiency is the most common human enzyme deficiency. It affects an estimated 400 million people worldwide. It is an inherited genetic condition and the gene responsible for this deficiency is on the X chromosome.

How is it diagnosed?

All newborn babies are screened for G6PD deficiency at birth through analysis of the cord blood.

What happens when a child has G6PD deficiency?

G6PD deficiency is a lifelong condition. Children with G6PD deficiency are healthy and they can lead a normal life. However, triggers can cause the red blood cells to be destroyed, leading to anemia (lack of red blood cells) and jaundice (yellow appearance of the skin and eyes). It is well established that G6PD-deficient newborns have higher risk of jaundice and need for phototherapy in the neonatal period.

If the jaundice is severe, not monitored closely and treated, especially in the first two weeks of life, it can cause brain damage, resulting in cerebral palsy and hearing loss.

What can trigger symptoms related to G6PD deficiency?

Oxidative stress can be caused by infections, medication, chemicals and certain food. It is important to always check with your doctor or pharmacist before giving any medication to your child with G6PD deficiency. Herbal supplements, traditional medications or alternative therapies should also be avoided. Mothers who are breastfeeding must also avoid the food, medications and chemicals listed overleaf.

Antipyretics (for treating fever)