Risperidone

What is Risperidone for?

Risperidone belongs to a class of medications known as atypical (second-generation) antipsychotic. It is used to treat and prevent the return of symptoms in Schizophrenia and other mental health related conditions such as:

• Hearing, seeing or sensing things that are not real
• Having mistaken beliefs
• Being overly suspicious
• Uncontrolled anger

It can be used to treat symptoms in bipolar disorder such as:

• Very high mood
• Irritability
• Increased activity and energy
• Depression/low mood

Risperidone may be used for other conditions such as irritability relating to autism (a type of developmental condition). Check with your healthcare professional if you are unsure why you are given this medication.

You can also find out about this medication by watching these videos:
They are available in English, 中文, Melayu and தமிழ்: Risperidone

How should I take or use Risperidone?

For Risperidone tablet:

• Take your medication according to the instructions stated on the medication label.
• Risperidone may be taken with or without food.
• Do not stop taking or adjust the dose of this medication without checking with your doctor.
• Risperidone needs to be taken regularly for a few weeks before you can feel its full benefits. You should not stop taking this medication even if you do not feel better at the beginning. Continue to take this medication even after you feel better to prevent your symptoms from returning.
• Do check with your doctor on how long you will have to be on this medication.

For Risperidone oral solution:

• Measure the dose carefully with the syringe provided
• You may mix the dose of oral solution with a small glass of water, coffee, orange juice or low-fat milk. Do not mix with tea, cola or alcoholic drinks.

For Risperidone depot injection:

• It is injected into your upper arm or buttocks.

What should I do if I forget to take or use Risperidone?

For Risperidone tablet/ oral solution:

• If you forget to take a dose, take it as soon as you remember. However, if more than half of the time to the next dose has passed, skip the missed dose and take the next dose at your usual timing.
• For example, for a medication to be taken two times daily at 8am and 8pm, and you missed your first dose at 8am, skip the first dose if it is after 2pm, and take your second dose at the usual timing at 8pm. Do not take two doses to make up for the missed dose.

For Risperidone depot injection:

Please call up your doctor to arrange for an appointment visit.

What precautions should I take when taking or using Risperidone?

Inform your healthcare professional if:

• You are allergic to this medication or any of the other ingredients of this medication
• You are pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or breastfeeding. If you are pregnant and/or breastfeeding, your doctor would have discussed the potential benefits and side effects with you and should you have further questions or concerns, do consult your doctor.
• You are taking any other medications (including those that can be bought without a prescription), supplements, traditional Chinese medicine and herbal products. Some of them may affect how this medication works or cause serious drug interactions.
• You have diabetes. Risperidone may sometimes worsen blood sugar control in diabetes. Maintain regular check-ups with your doctor.
• You have or have ever had:
  • Other drug allergies
  • Medical conditions such as:
    • Kidney or liver disease, breast cancer, irregular heartbeat or other heart problems, stroke
    • High or low blood pressure, high cholesterol/fats in the blood, history of blood clots, seizures (fits), dementia, Parkinson’s disease

What food or medication should I avoid when I take or use Risperidone?

Avoid drinking alcohol while taking Risperidone as it can cause excessive sleepiness.

What are some common side effects of Risperidone?

The mentioned side effects generally affect up to 10% of patients.

• Difficulty sleeping
  • Discuss with your doctor if you can take your medication at a different time of the day
  • Listen to relaxing music at bedtime
  • Avoid eating or drinking too much before bedtime
  • Limit your caffeine intake (such as coffee, tea or energy drinks) at least 8 hours before bedtime
• Drowsiness or feeling tired
  • Avoid driving or taking part in activities that require concentration
  • Discuss with your doctor if you can take your medication at a different time of the day
• Nausea, vomiting
  • Take the medication with or after food
  • Take small but more frequent meals, and avoid fatty or spicy food
• Constipation
  • Drink more water (if you do not have any fluid restriction), eat more high-fibre foods, and exercise regularly
  • Speak to your doctor or pharmacist if you need medication to help with your constipation
• Dizziness
  • Get up slowly from a sitting or lying down position
• Increase in appetite, weight gain
  • Exercise regularly and eat a healthy and balanced diet
• Dry mouth
  • Chew sugar-free gum, suck on sugar-free hard candies or ice chips, sip water regularly
• Increased prolactin hormone in the body (hyperprolactinemia):
  • This may result in changes in menstrual cycle in females (irregular or stopping of menstrual periods) and/or abnormal breast swelling, soreness or secretion (in both men and women)
  • Speak with your doctor for further management
• Muscle movement side effects (extrapyramidal side effects) – do speak to your doctor for further management. Examples include:
  • Muscle stiffness and spasms (such as in the face, neck and back), twitching or difficulty in speaking or swallowing (symptoms of dystonia)
  • Uncontrollable shaking of limbs (tremors)
  • Restlessness or need to keep moving constantly (akathisia)
• Headache, feeling anxious, stuffy or runny nose
• Mild pain, itchiness, redness or swelling at the injection site (For Risperidone injection only)

Most of the side effects listed here will improve with time. Speak with your doctor if any of them continues, worsens or affects your daily life.

What are some rare but serious side effects that I need to seek medical advice immediately?

The symptoms of a drug allergy include one or more of the following:

• Swollen face/eyes/lips/tongue
• Difficulty in breathing
• Itchy skin rashes over your whole body

You can also find out about drug allergies by watching these videos:
They are available in English, 中文, Melayu and தமிழ்: Drug Allergies

Rarely this medication may cause:

• Seizures (fits)
• Confusion, high fever, severe muscle stiffness, irregular blood pressure (signs and symptoms of neuroleptic malignant syndrome)
• Uncontrollable movements (such as in the face, tongue, jaw or other parts of the body) (tardive dyskinesia)
• Blurred vision
• Difficulty controlling or passing urine (urinary incontinence or retention)
• Sudden weakness or numbness in the face, arms or legs, and speech or vision problems (signs and symptoms of stroke)
• Fast or irregular heartbeat, fainting episodes (signs and symptoms of an abnormal heart beating rhythm (prolonged QTc interval))
• Fever, chills, sore throat and/or mouth ulcers that do not go away (symptoms of blood dyscrasias)
• Severe chest pain, difficulty breathing, or severe pain or swelling in either of the legs (symptoms of venous thromboembolism)
• Excessive hunger, unusual increase in thirst or passing large amount of urine (symptoms of high blood sugar)

If you experience any of these symptoms, you should stop your medication and see your healthcare professional immediately.

How should I store Risperidone?

Store in a cool and dry place, away from direct sunlight. Keep this medication away from children.

How do I throw away Risperidone safely?

For Risperidone tablet/oral solution:

Pack this medication into a trash bag and seal it tightly before throwing into the rubbish chute or bin.

For Risperidone depot injection:

If used at home, you may throw this injection away along with the used needles, into a metal tin, or glass jar or thick plastic container (e.g. detergent bottles) before throwing into the rubbish chute or bin to prevent any needle stick injury.