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Lung cancer is the uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells in one or both lungs. Normal lung tissue consists of cells programmed to reproduce and develop into healthy, well-formed lungs. In lung cancer, abnormal cells reproduce rapidly and disrupt natural programming. Tumours then form and block healthy lung tissues, making it difficult for the lung to function properly. There are two general types of lung cancer – small cell lung cancer and non-small cell lung cancer. Lung cancer can also spread to lymph nodes or other tissues in the chest, including the other lung, and other organs such as the bones, brain and liver.


Risk Factors
1. Cigarette smoking is the main cause of lung cancer. It is responsible for more than
    90% of lung cancers
2. Constant exposure to cigarette smoke, including passive smoking, also increases
    the risk of lung cancer
3. Exposure to certain workplace chemicals increases the risk of lung cancer
   
Eg. asbestos, coal gas, chromium, nickel, arsenic, vinyl chloride and mustard gas

Signs & Symptoms
1. Persistent cough that worsens over time
2. Shortness of breath and wheezing
3. Production of bloodstained sputum or phlegm
4. Chest pains
5. Sudden and unexplained weight loss
6. Loss of appetite
7. General weakness and tiredness
8. Recurrent chest infections and fever

These symptoms may be caused by a number of problems and may not indicate the presence of cancer, but if any of the above symptoms persists or is bothering you, do consult your doctor for advice.

Screening

Consultation

Treatment

Population screening for lung cancer is currently not recommended.

You can seek consultation at the following institutions:
§National Cancer Centre
§Changi General Hospital
§Singapore GeneralHospital

Treatment options for lung cancer range from surgery, radiation therapy to chemotherapy.